From the years 1979 to 1989, the Soviet Socialist Republic unleashed a Geo strategic war in Afghanistan. The war was fought between forces loyal to the Soviet Union against those of the Islamic insurgents known as the Mujahideen. The Russian plans were a result of their effort to thwart US ambitions in the region. Furthermore, ideologically, the Soviets were preparing to stop the spread of Islamic fundamentalism. According to a quote by Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev, "Strength, and not a little strength at that is needed to defend against socialist gains." In the end, the Soviet intervention proved to be unwinnable due the capabilities of Afghanistan's population to resist the Red Army for a decade. The Soviet Union's departure ended the Cold War and resulted in the dissolution of the Soviet empire. However, the Soviet intervention displaced thousands of Afghans who fled to neighboring nations of Iran and Pakistan resulting in a bitter civil war in the region. This civil war raged for many years with the takeover of Afghanistan by the Taliban and Al Queda. The soon to follow September 11 attacks initiated a full scale intervention by the United States and NATO allies. The war against the Taliban and Al Queda known popularly as the "war on terror" concluded with NATO handing the country back to the Afghan authorities in 2011. The transfer of power was implemented as scheduled and spelt the end in 2014 of NATO's mission in the region.